how many times can you blood dope in 14days? that can't be detected by Random Urine testing and a Blood test that night after the fight.
How effective is taking HGH two weeks before a fight?
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2830221/
Erythropoietin (EPO)
Rationale
Erythropoietin leads to the production of red blood cells. Since these carry oxygen to active muscles, one would consider enhanced endurance performance because of the additional flux of oxygen.
Physiology
EPO is a circulating glycosylated protein hormone that is the principal regulator of erythropoiesis. It is produced primarily by the kidney inversely related to the concentration of O2 in the blood. Following administration, there is a direct relationship between haemoglobin levels and increased performance following administration of rHuEPO in **** and humans [17]. Methods used in doping include hypoxia and hypoxia-mimetics. One such method is to train at altitude; however, one cannot necessarily train as hard as at lower altitude because of hypoxic-mediated fatigue. Variations on this theme include living at altitude and training at sea level or sleeping in a tent or chamber with diminished oxygen tension (at lower altitude) and training at the same elevation. These methods are not considered doping.
Performance Enhancement
rHuEPO and its follow-on biological relatives can provide an effective mechanism to stimulate erythropoiesis as noted above; however, the baseline hematocrit increases and may rise even more to dangerous levels, likely due to dehydration, in athletes during and after training and competition. The rheology of blood changes exponentially as the hematocrit rises above 55% and accelerates even more rapidly as it rise above 60%.
Adverse Events
Deaths in competitive cyclists have been directly linked to changes in the flow properties of blood, as the hematocrit rises. There are no studies of rHuEPO, or its related proteins in child or adolescent athletes, but theoretically the responses should be no different from older adolescents or young adults. The major issues are those that relate to increased hematocrit- sluggish blood flow in the small vessels of critical organs and pulmonary emboli.
Detection
Detection of EPO and some of the follow-on drugs is performed on urine sample using gel electrophoresis. Each of the individual compounds (drugs) has a "signature" of glycosylation sites making the detection quite precise [18].
Edit: For the people blindly talking about EPO although they have no knowledge of it.Comment
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2830221/
Erythropoietin (EPO)
Rationale
Erythropoietin leads to the production of red blood cells. Since these carry oxygen to active muscles, one would consider enhanced endurance performance because of the additional flux of oxygen.
Physiology
EPO is a circulating glycosylated protein hormone that is the principal regulator of erythropoiesis. It is produced primarily by the kidney inversely related to the concentration of O2 in the blood. Following administration, there is a direct relationship between haemoglobin levels and increased performance following administration of rHuEPO in **** and humans [17]. Methods used in doping include hypoxia and hypoxia-mimetics. One such method is to train at altitude; however, one cannot necessarily train as hard as at lower altitude because of hypoxic-mediated fatigue. Variations on this theme include living at altitude and training at sea level or sleeping in a tent or chamber with diminished oxygen tension (at lower altitude) and training at the same elevation. These methods are not considered doping.
Performance Enhancement
rHuEPO and its follow-on biological relatives can provide an effective mechanism to stimulate erythropoiesis as noted above; however, the baseline hematocrit increases and may rise even more to dangerous levels, likely due to dehydration, in athletes during and after training and competition. The rheology of blood changes exponentially as the hematocrit rises above 55% and accelerates even more rapidly as it rise above 60%.
Adverse Events
Deaths in competitive cyclists have been directly linked to changes in the flow properties of blood, as the hematocrit rises. There are no studies of rHuEPO, or its related proteins in child or adolescent athletes, but theoretically the responses should be no different from older adolescents or young adults. The major issues are those that relate to increased hematocrit- sluggish blood flow in the small vessels of critical organs and pulmonary emboli.
Detection
Detection of EPO and some of the follow-on drugs is performed on urine sample using gel electrophoresis. Each of the individual compounds (drugs) has a "signature" of glycosylation sites making the detection quite precise [18].
Edit: For the people blindly talking about EPO although they have no knowledge of it.Comment
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People keep saying that Pac should take the random tests up to the fight night.
But i have yet to read of any good reason why the tests should be taken so close to the fight, when from my point of view, taking any kind of drug, PED or taking HGH so close to the fight would be pointless and actually counter-productive.Comment
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The same applies to Mayweather and Pacquiao. My thing is the 14 days clause may never need to be put into place considering the blood testing may not even reach 14 days prior to the fight. Again, according to Tygart, there was "No Need" to continue blood testing for Mosley and Mayweather up to the 18 days prior to the fight. If something similar applies to Floyd and Pacquiao where no further blood tests are needed after such and such date, is the USADA now looked at as a bad testing protocol since people assume Pacquiao will juice up in 12-14 days even if he's tested with blood and urine immediately after the fight? Seems as if even if the USADA does its job to its fullest capacity that there will still be question marks over Pacquiao.
[img]http://*******.com/2bgtdod[/img]Comment
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