Having worked in this field for decades, my (informed) opinion on it is the vast majority of elite athletes are taking some form of PEDs. Are they all? No.
It would definitely be reasonable to hold that opinion but, that's all it is, an opinion and speculation. Without the hard demonstrable evidence we just don't and will never know until there is any.
Nope. Impossible to know without either a positive test or extensive blood work.
There are athletes who I would say are extremely likely to be on PEDs, from my (informed) opinion. But that's all it is at the end of the day, an opinion. I can't know for sure without the evidence because there are genetic anomalies out there. So just because everything points to PED use doesn't necessarily mean it's PED use for sure.
It would definitely be reasonable to hold that opinion but, that's all it is, an opinion and speculation. Without the hard demonstrable evidence we just don't and will never know until there is any.
Nope. Impossible to know without either a positive test or extensive blood work.
There are athletes who I would say are extremely likely to be on PEDs, from my (informed) opinion. But that's all it is at the end of the day, an opinion. I can't know for sure without the evidence because there are genetic anomalies out there. So just because everything points to PED use doesn't necessarily mean it's PED use for sure.
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