Does anyone know the differences between USADA and VADA?
From what I recall reading on a site VADA only looks at Testosterone levels if they are higher than 4x the normal range. While USADA looks at the totals and if beyond a certain range (much less than 4x). Is there any truth to this?
Anyways I know drug use is much more widespread than many believe and there are so many different type of peds and they affect the levels of so many different types of hormones that its much more difficult to test than appears.
Does anyone know the differences between USADA and VADA?
From what I recall reading on a site VADA only looks at Testosterone levels if they are higher than 4x the normal range. While USADA looks at the totals and if beyond a certain range (much less than 4x). Is there any truth to this?
Anyways I know drug use is much more widespread than many believe and there are so many different type of peds and they affect the levels of so many different types of hormones that its much more difficult to test than appears.
no, those aren't the differences as regarding testing for testosterone.
VADA do the carbon isotope test for synthetic as standard whilst USDA only do it as an "option". hence why peterson failed VADA test protocol even though his ratio's were "within" limits.
Gabriel Montoya has written at length on this issue over at m*xboxing.
USADA have a shady record in boxing (Morales, Quillin etc), and they're 4x more expensive. VADA are cheaper and have caught more cheats relative to time period.